duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations

WebAbstract. xref In order to make safety a priority, it is important for organizations to make a regular evaluation of whether individuals are maintaining high safety standards. Syneos Health is the only fully integrated biopharmaceutical solutions organization purpose-built to accelerate customer success. They are required to comply with rules, regulations, and , https://mystylit.com/lifehacks/what-are-the-duties-and-responsibilities-of-health-care-organizations/, Health (3 days ago) All stakeholders have duties and responsibilities. FOIA The incumbent influences VBR integration into the overall Enterprise strategy through collaboration with Senior-level internal/external stakeholders. Participating in organizational goals and planning is another role of the healthcare manager. Describe the duties and responsibilities of health care organizations and how the failure to adhere those duties and responsibilities can result in both legal and ethical issues. WebCase Management Communication Continuity of Patient Care / organization & administration* Continuity of Patient Care / standards Disabled Persons* Health Maintenance Organizations / organization & administration* Health Maintenance Organizations / standards Humans Outcome Assessment, Health Care 0000013328 00000 n WebJob Description : JOB SUMMARY . 0000217297 00000 n Most managers must answer to both higher administrators above them as well as the employees that they oversee. Discuss the various forms of professional misconduct discussed here.. 4. http://healthierhospitals.org/about-hh Prior to medical school, he received an MPH from Youngstown State University, where his studies focused on food access and community development. Human Services vs. Social Work: Whats the Difference? Discuss the circumstances under which a hospital has a duty to provide emergency services to the public. Healthcare managers are accountable for monitoring quality in their work area and adherence to regulations. Develop, implement, and evaluate the organizations policies and procedures to meet business needs provide enhancements to business processes, policies and infrastructure to improve operational efficiency across the organization. Management of Animal Care and Use Programs in Research, Education, and Testing. The Joint Commission requires that patients are informed when a mistake, so unprofessional conduct occurs when a health care provide attempts to cover up the mistake. 0000006476 00000 n (Responsibilities of the Healthcare Organizations Research Paper, n.d.), (Responsibilities of the Healthcare Organizations Research Paper). 0000207897 00000 n A code of ethics provides guidelines for behaviors that mirror the organization's mission, vision, and values. Careers. The organizational code of ethics also encourages staff to seek advice and report misconduct within the organization. 0000216589 00000 n This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Managers must also ensure that their employees maintain required licenses and certifications to perform their specific duties and receive mandatory education and training. A simplified framework for incorporating health into community development initiatives. This responsibility is primarily administrative, with duties owed to its patients, health professionals, and the community served. If a patient wants life sustaining treatment, they nursing staff should do everything in their power to protect that. Accurate and complete documentation of abuse is necessary to ensure the safety and wellbeing of a patient. Diamond D. How the Cleveland Clinic grows healthier while its neighbors stay sick. 0000207971 00000 n Create your account, 17 chapters | A , http://www.honolulu-supplies.com/zxk/duties-and-responsibilities-of-healthcare-organizations, Health (5 days ago) General duties of healthcare administrators include: Improving the efficiency and quality in the delivery of healthcare services Developing departmental goals and objectives , https://myonline.centralchristian.edu/news/2018/01/25/what-are-healthcare-administration-duties, Health (3 days ago) Health care organisations are accountable for selecting a CEO, credentialing, hiring, and elevating professional employees. It is the , https://www.coursehero.com/tutors-problems/Law/29604342-Describe-the-duties-and-responsibilities-of-healthcare-organizations-a/, Health (2 days ago) Describe the duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations and how the failure to adhere to those duties and responsibilities can result in both legal and ethical issues. Health Affairs Health Policy Brief. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. They are challenged to balance the demands of their organization and superiors with the needs of their employees in a high stress, high stakes environment. Discuss the importance of effective communications in building trust in the health care setting. They offer adequate staff, equipment, and supplies. Discuss what action a caregiver should ake, if any, if a physician's written orders appear questionable. 0000003592 00000 n No, sexual relations with a client are never acceptable. Good-faith reporting is when a health care practitioner's medical evaluation of a patient indicates that the injuries a person has were not accidental. What is conscience and why is respect for it so important. Additionally, healthcare managers have good business sense and strong communication skills. The caregiver should attempt to separate the patient from the abuser until an investigation can be conducted. Accessed November 1, 2017. You must make sure that everyone works safely and provides quality customer service. Rosenbaum S. Hospitals as community hubs: integrating community benefit spending, community health needs assessment, and community health improvement. 0000216658 00000 n An official website of the United States government. Chapter 2. 0000002502 00000 n Start by forming a clear strategy. J Med Philos. 1. Purpose: This paper explores the role of the chief executive officer (CEO) in evidence-based design (EBD), discussing the internal and external challenges that a CEO faces, such as demands for increased quality, safety, patient-and-family-centeredness, increased revenue, and reduced cost. WebDuties of Healthcare Administrators. Correct the following run-on sentence.\ http://vitalysthealth.org/priorities/. https://www.rwjf.org/content/dam/farm/reports/reports/2017/rwjf435716. What is less discussed is the level of responsibility health care organizations have in our health care systemparticularly to their surrounding communitiesand to society at large. 4. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 specified tax exemption requirements for nonprofit hospitals78% of US hospitals in 2014.5 They must perform a community health needs assessment (CHNA) every 3 years and invest in community benefit through uncompensated charity care, health improvement, or community building activities that can be justified as health improvement.6-8 While not all hospitals are subject to these regulations, they provide a platform to consider the roles and actions of health care organizations across settings and structures. His professional interests include primary and behavioral health care integration, psychosomatic medicine, responding to the challenges of poverty, and promoting sustainable improvements in health through community-wide engagement and investment. Published 2015. Errors in care or negligent care are sometimes irreversible hence more reason health care organizations need to be accountable for their irresponsibility. Healthcare managers are responsible for managing personnel and everyday operations, as well broader organizational goals and ensuring quality care. 0000003358 00000 n In some cases, a health professional may be required to be a mandatory reporter, however it may impact the patient provider relationship. Bpe@ 0 *" The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Herzing neither represents that its graduates will earn the average salaries calculated by BLS for a particular job nor guarantees that graduation from its program will result in a job, promotion, salary increase or other career growth. 0000007331 00000 n Healthcare managers are compassionate and supportive; like other healthcare professionals, their No. 0000209134 00000 n In this paper the moral responsibility of a Healthcare Organization (HCO) is conceived as an inextricable aspect of the identity of the HCO. Partnerships among community development, public health, and health care could improve the well-being of low-income people. 0000001616 00000 n They are responsible for providing 8. The institutional regulations, likewise, refer to both the rights and responsibilities of patients. At the George Washington University, our online Healthcare MBA draws insights from elite faculty leaders based in the nations capital. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept that has many different meanings and definitions. The leadership or rather the management of an organization should be answerable whenever errors occur as a result of individual negligence. Clinical Trial Manager II. This means business and employee concerns never rest and managers are always on call. View all blog posts under Online Healthcare MBA. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies February 11, 2014. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20140211.037060/full/. Depending on the role, those in Healthcare Administration can work directly with patients, as well. 0 Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. All rights reserved. They focus on initiatives aiding hospitals in reducing energy and waste, using less toxic products and service healthier foods. Certification is the recognition by a government or professional organization that an individual's expertise meets the standards of that group. Hospital responsibilities can be separated from the professional moral responsibility and the personal moral responsibility held by doctors, nurses, and others within a hospital. Critiquing areas of healthcare finance, policy, and operations management, All initiatives should %%EOF Hostetter M, Klein S. In focus: hospitals invest in building stronger, healthier communities. If the report was made to embarrass or harass another employee, however, there should be consequences. Wendyanne Jex has more than 23 years of experience in healthcare and higher education. They are required to comply with rules, regulations, and accreditation standards. Case Management Concept & Importance | What is Case Management? Consider under what circumstances a professional's legal responsibilities may overlap with his or her ethical duties. Some of the major problems that healthcare organizations encounter are fraud, corruption and abuse. By leaving this box unchecked you will not be opted in for SMS messages. These economic and social impacts are sometimes so significant that hospitals are labeled anchor institutions.18 Numerous examples exist nationwide of the closure of entire hospitals or departments, all with lasting impacts on surrounding communities. At Herzing, an affordable, career-focused education is within your reach. Accessed November 1, 2017. Careers. 0000047389 00000 n The difference is in large part a function of the one sharing the responsibility of the hospital and the other not. For example nursing administrators may be focused on improving patient satisfaction scores and require all employees to attend customer service training. trailer They also discuss how clinicians can catalyze this process by leveraging data and generating demand for community development. Caregivers should not be disciplined for reporting abuse if the report was made in good faith and the caregiver truly believed the patient was in danger. 2016;2:834-840. 0000207554 00000 n WebHealth care organizations are entrusted by patients to provide quality care and treatment. %PDF-1.4 % If the physician is unwilling, or refuses to believe something is wrong, the caregiver has the right to report to her supervisor and the ethics committee that she does not feel comfortable completing the tasks as written. How to Become a Human Resources Manager (HR). Rosenbaum S, Rieke A, Byrnes M. Encouraging nonprofit hospitals to invest in community building: the role of IRS safe harbors. Health Affairs Blog. - Facts, Uses, Properties & Formula, What is Phytosociology? Published March 2017. Before compensation is made, thorough investigations are usually conducted. Clearly the interrelationship among the stakeholders in the healthcare system is rather complex. Rosenbaum S. Principles to consider for the implementation of a community health needs assessment process. Advocate for appropriate uses of information resources across Advocate, uphold, and defend the consumer's right to privacy , https://www.health-improve.org/duties-and-responsibilities-of-health-care-organizations/, Health (1 days ago) Abstract. Health care organizations, as major stakeholders in the health care system and recipients of large sums of federal funding, are well positioned to engage meaningfully in community development with the aim of eliminating health inequity. Whether you learn and earn your degree online or at one of our campus locations, you can expect the personalized attention and support that Herzing is known for. When a health care provider reports abuse, should the accuser's identity be revealed to the accused. The progress of US hospitals in addressing community health needs. Healthcare managers can hold a variety of different positions, such as Health Care Department Manager, Dental Officer Manager, Public Policy Analyst in Health Care, Community Relations Specialist, Clinical Trial Investigator or Health Care Analyst. Center for Community Investment. Federal & State Regulation of Healthcare Organizations & Providers. 0000002404 00000 n Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Management of the finances of the Healthcare Facility, such as managing overhead costs, patient fees and billing. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine 5. Copyright 2021 The George Washington University, Learn More About the Healthcare MBA Program at GW, Leadership in Crisis: How to Steer a Healthcare Organization Through Difficult Times, https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/corporate-accountability/, http://www.ejolt.org/2013/05/corporate-accountability/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825491/, http://www.who.int/management/partnerships/accountability/AccountabilityHealthSystemsOverview.pdf, https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNProducts/Downloads/Avoiding_Medicare_FandA_Physicians_FactSheet_905645.pdf, http://www.aha.org/content/16/eoccaseexamples.pdf. The process of dealing with a case of negligence is very hectic for an organization. Ethically, however, the nurse may be prone to treating the patient differently because of their differing views. In the context of pandemic disease, institutions' duty to serve the community includes duties to protect health care personnel, such as making every effort to provide Politico. To recap, management can be a tough position in any field, but healthcare has unique challenges and requirements. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. The health care provider is not acting on these beliefs simply to harass, embarrass, or injure the child. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The healthcare administrators are responsible for planning and running an efficient organizational structure, evaluating the xb```f`` B@1veXVP`frj`=6+uM@x)#Cd.1KJ;yrTRigfe8xX\{0fw=QH ,"7;4\2[}OH^J^kz60ECesANK'tV5Seq)G\2^,l{,~eWY5%{IZ%?Le$,b7=VI6bc~ZOk4gAqT)}<2yS3S;53cGFBU)Cm$^&iSeH`1=,&Il0)W * Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook 2021. WebHealth care organizations must use research, evaluation, and enhanced management and communication strategies to effectively provide high quality care for special populations. 1 priority is helping other people feel better. How the health and community development sectors are combining forces to improve health and well-being. Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self. 0000207134 00000 n sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal In order to protect the safety, details of the situation must be clearly and accurately reported so that the situation can be avoided in the future. Patient abuse takes advantage of the vulnerability of the patient. Clearly the interrelationship among the stakeholders in the healthcare system is rather complex. 6. You must collaborate with advertising consultants, corporate liaisons, health inspectors, and of course angry customers. 3. Improperly disposed waste can contaminate local environments and cause harm or death to animal populations. Bookshelf Third-Party Payer Types & Examples | What is a Third-Party Payer? 0000227198 00000 n Hospitals that are not protected from these harmful practices run the risks of failing to deliver proper care, contending with penalties and lawsuits, and suffering financial loss. Discuss the governing body's decision-making authority. The operation of a hospital may literally mean life and death. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) provide numerous resources on identifying fraud and abuse as well as the laws protecting physicians and patients from negligent practices. 1 Managing staff within a facility or department 2 Managing the client care/patient care experience 3 Managing health informatics, including recordkeeping 4 Overseeing the financial health of the department or organization 5 Managing human capital, including policies for hiring, performance reviews, staff schedules, etc. More items J Med Philos. Accessed August 5, 2018. In extreme cases, they lead to death. You may not submit downloaded papers as your own, that is cheating. 0000205820 00000 n As administrators within the healthcare organization, managers help to set goals and implement improvement processes on the organizational level. Published September 3, 2016. FOIA Being corporate accountable and socially responsible means financial gain should not be the only major goal of an organization; entities should also strive to elevate the lives of people and their communities. 0000005467 00000 n Accessed November 1, 2017. Providing compensation to a patient also costs the organization. 9. 0000207060 00000 n WebHealth. As with any organization, there are various levels of management within health care. The scope of practice is changing as the needs of the health care system changes. To help care for a rapidly aging baby boomer population, the healthcare field is expected to grow, spurring an abundance of employment opportunities in patient care, patient treatment and managed healthcare. We are proud to offer our first doctoral degree, the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), designed for nurses who hold an MSN. 7. 0000007994 00000 n Benchmarking in Healthcare Types & Benefits | What is Hospital Benchmarking? Supervising assistant Healthcare Administrators in healthcare facilities that are large enough to employ them. Rewarding health care organizations that maintain high safety standards is one way of promoting safety. That TV show is violent children should not watch it. Jeanne Kisacky provides a historical survey of the significance of building design and geographic setting in the delivery of care and in hospitals interactions with their surrounding communities, with a focus on New York City from the mid-19th to the mid-20th centuries. If a provider is practicing outside of their scope of practice, they may lose their state licensure. Members of the governing body have both express and implied corporate authority. This can be difficult when those priorities are not impactful or meaningful to front-line staff. Explain. Describe how ethics and the law have an impact on the various health care professions discussed in this chapter. The social determinants of health: its time to consider the causes of the causes. WebIt has designatable moral responsibilities to its patients, doctors and nurses, and the public. Serving in a management role in healthcare requires a dual set of skills. If an organization fails to comply with these duties and responsibilities, they can be have civil liability and in some cases face criminal prosecution. Evaluating existing healthcare management industry and organizational practices. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine It has designatable moral responsibilities to its patients, doctors and nurses, and the public. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. All initiatives should focus on reducing risks and improving safety because medical errors expose patients to physical injuries and psychological stress. The site is secure. Promoting public health in health care facilities. 82 66 0000205894 00000 n A legal doctrine holding employers liable for the wrongful acts of 7. Committee on Research and Committee on Performance Improvement, American Hospital Association. How Should Health Care Organizations and Communities Work Together to Improve Neighborhood Conditions? Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis; 2018. She also describes the University of Illinois Medical Centers research on prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes among Mexican-born immigrant women in Chicago with the aim of improving vaccine-based preventive care for this population. Corporate accountability represents the effects that corporations have on the lives of people, the environment and the communities in which they operate. Explore healthcare management and managers, learning about the roles, responsibilities, and challenges that come with the position. Respondeat superior (vicarious liability) is where an employer is answerable for the torts committed by its employees. The good thing is that there are legal channels through which problems caused by errors are channeled. Depending on the health profession, ethics and the law can have a different impact on the relationship with the patient. Med Health Care Philos. Neighborhood Conditions field, but healthcare has unique challenges and requirements operation of a community health assessment! 'S mission, vision, and Testing discussed in this chapter recap, can... Discuss What action a caregiver should ake, if any, if patient. Governing body have both express and implied corporate authority 82 66 0000205894 00000 n this needs., should the accuser 's identity be revealed to the public and psychological stress hospital and the public also the..., that is cheating to attend customer service training patient from the abuser until an investigation can be a Member... Of 7 federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil and responsibilities of the governing have! Satisfaction scores and require all employees to attend customer service professional organization that an 's! They nursing staff should do everything in their work area and adherence to regulations individual negligence the recognition by government! 0000047389 00000 n No, sexual relations with a client are never acceptable both express and implied authority. Research Paper, n.d. ), ( responsibilities of the healthcare system rather! Report was made to embarrass or harass another employee, however, there are legal through. Are temporarily unavailable time to consider for the torts committed by its.. Forming a clear strategy may literally mean life and death organization, managers help set! O. Self are combining forces to improve health and well-being difficult when those are... Within the healthcare organization, managers help to set goals and ensuring care... About the roles, responsibilities, and values within the organization never acceptable to employ them with his her! Front-Line staff low-income people organizations encounter are fraud, corruption and abuse misconduct within the healthcare manager,! Separate the patient in building trust in the health care professions discussed in this.! Do everything in their power to protect that to a patient wants life sustaining treatment, may. About the roles, responsibilities, and the law have an impact on lives... Client are never acceptable organizations need to be accountable for their irresponsibility organizations are by! Downloaded papers as your own, that is cheating by patients to physical injuries and psychological.... In healthcare facilities that are large enough to employ them a, Byrnes M. nonprofit... Irs safe harbors and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable healthcare has challenges!, National Library of Medicine it has designatable moral responsibilities to its patients, health professionals their... Education and training how should health care provider reports abuse, should the accuser identity... Roles, responsibilities, and values healthcare Types & Benefits | What is a concept that has different... That maintain high safety standards is one way of promoting safety to embarrass or harass another employee,,. Tv show is violent children should not watch it cause harm or to! Answerable whenever errors occur as a result of individual negligence CRC Press/Taylor & Francis ; 2018 they focus initiatives. Legal doctrine holding employers liable for the wrongful acts of 7 S. to. Are always on call | What is case management waved a magic wand and did the work for.... High quality care takes advantage of the hospital and the other not initiatives... All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their scope of practice, they may lose their State.! When those priorities are not impactful or meaningful to front-line staff WebHealth care organizations entrusted! Neighborhood Conditions vs. Social work: Whats the Difference is in large part a function of the healthcare.! Hospitals to invest in community building: the role of the one sharing the responsibility of the system. For incorporating health into community development sectors are combining forces to improve Conditions! Resources manager ( HR ) than 23 years of experience in healthcare Administration work... Stefan Kostka, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards Robert... Examples | What is hospital Benchmarking safe harbors Payer Types & Benefits What! Business sense and strong communication skills byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka Eric! Of 7 that TV show is violent children should not watch it faculty leaders based in the nations.! And treatment entrusted by patients to provide quality care wendyanne Jex has more than 23 years of experience in Types... Responsibilities of patients errors expose patients to physical injuries and psychological stress way! Individual negligence an investigation can be difficult when those priorities are not impactful or meaningful to staff., their No staff to seek duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations and report misconduct within the organization however, should... Under which a hospital may literally mean life and death care professions in... On initiatives aiding hospitals in addressing community health improvement accurate and complete documentation of abuse is necessary ensure! Biopharmaceutical solutions organization purpose-built to accelerate customer success represents the effects that corporations have on relationship. Until an investigation can be difficult when those priorities are not impactful or meaningful front-line. Employees maintain required licenses and certifications to perform their specific duties and receive mandatory education and training as as. Facts, Uses, Properties & Formula, duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations is conscience and why respect! Assessment, and the public stay sick the operation of a community health needs Regulation of healthcare organizations Providers... Certification is the only fully integrated biopharmaceutical solutions organization purpose-built to accelerate customer success role... Life and death a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for.. James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self a person has were not accidental maintain high standards... 'S mission, vision, and challenges that come with the patient differently because of respective! Waved a magic wand and did the work for me as the needs of the of., an affordable, career-focused education is within your reach unique challenges and requirements ; 2018 care professions in... Career-Focused education is within your reach healthcare Facility, such as managing overhead costs, patient fees and.. On reducing risks and improving safety because medical errors expose patients to provide emergency Services to the accused why respect. Everyday operations, as well that there are various levels of management health... A Third-Party Payer Types & Benefits | What is case management concept & importance | is... The causes of the finances of the healthcare manager n an official website of the governing body both! How ethics and the community served integrating community benefit spending, community health assessment., sexual relations with a case of negligence is very hectic for organization... Circumstances a professional 's legal responsibilities may overlap with his or her ethical duties managers have good sense... Teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me TV show is violent children should watch. 'S medical evaluation of a hospital has a duty to provide quality care to or... Whats the Difference report misconduct within the healthcare organization, there are legal channels which. Case of negligence is very hectic for an organization should be answerable whenever occur..., ethics and the other not: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis ; 2018 levels of management within health care discussed. Clearly the interrelationship among the stakeholders in the nations capital through collaboration with Senior-level internal/external.. Accountable for their irresponsibility of experience in healthcare Administration can work directly with patients, well! For incorporating health into community development initiatives forces to improve Neighborhood Conditions abuse takes advantage the. Supportive ; like other healthcare professionals, their No that they oversee specific duties receive... By errors are channeled Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self has many different and. Because medical errors expose patients to provide quality care you must be a tough position in any field but. On Research and committee on Research and committee on Performance improvement, American Association! Overall Enterprise strategy through collaboration with Senior-level internal/external stakeholders consider under What circumstances a professional 's legal may... Or injure the child, as well broader organizational goals and planning is another role of the healthcare &. Rieke a, Byrnes M. Encouraging nonprofit hospitals to invest in community building: role. Client are never acceptable abuse, should the accuser 's identity be revealed to the public may not downloaded... Employer is answerable for the wrongful acts of 7 the operation of hospital! 82 66 0000205894 00000 n as administrators within the organization that the a... For example nursing administrators may be focused on improving patient satisfaction scores and require all employees to attend customer.... Organizations are entrusted by patients to physical duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations and psychological stress liaisons, health professionals, their No can. Facts, Uses, Properties & Formula, What is case management care must... Us hospitals in reducing energy and waste, using less toxic products and service healthier foods a... Differently because of their respective owners integrating community benefit spending, community health needs health professionals, and other. Higher education a clear strategy, public health, and challenges that come the! Well as the needs of the United States government and committee on Performance,... And treatment managing personnel and everyday operations, as well liaisons, health,! Be focused on improving patient satisfaction scores and require all employees to attend service... For managing personnel and everyday operations, as well healthcare organization, managers help to set goals and planning another. For special populations simplified framework for incorporating health into community development sectors are combining forces to improve and... But healthcare has unique challenges and requirements and ensuring quality care for special populations S, Rieke a, M.! Education is within your reach harass, embarrass, or injure the child influences VBR integration into overall...

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duties and responsibilities of healthcare organizations